Caesar
rode into Annapolis, Maryland on December 19, 1783. At least that is what many
were hoping for and others feared. However, the man who rode into Annapolis
that day wasn’t Caesar; instead, he turned out to be George Washington. So many
of us Americans are grateful he did. He was the most admired man in the country,
and if he had demanded to become king, he could have had his way. Washington
had something else in mind —a democratic republic. He came that day to
surrender to Congress the commission he had accepted eight years prior. He
could have done so in writing, but he wanted to make a point. Washington
recognized the importance of his resignation as commander in chief, and he was
also aware of the critical dangers the newly founded nation was facing. As so
many nations before it—the young America, too, was surrounded by influences
that advocated a monarchy. Just for this reason, Washington was there to
reaffirm the uniqueness of a nation in which a congress held more power than a
king or his army.
General
George Washington went so far as to meet with a group of officers who, in
alliance with some politicians, were ready to attempt a coup. These officers
had their grievances, and there were many. Washington made it clear to the men
that the Revolution itself was at stake, so he urged, “to rely on the plighted
faith of your Country, and place a full confidence in the purity of the
intentions of Congress. . . . And let me conjure you, in the name of our common
Country, as you value your own sacred honor, as you respect the rights of
humanity, and as you regard the Military and National character of America, to
express your utmost horror and detestation of the Man who wishes, under any
specious pretenses, to overturn the liberties of our Country, and who wickedly
attempts to open the flood Gates of Civil discord, and deluge our rising Empire
in blood.” [1]
On
July 4th America celebrates its 236th birthday. Ours is
the first nation whose birth certificate is also a great philosophical
document. The Declaration of Independence declares our God-given right to
liberty. America has, from the beginning, acknowledged her liberties as a
gracious endowment from a loving God.
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that
all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain
unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of
happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men,
deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any
form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the
people to alter or to abolish it and to institute new government, laying its
foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form as to them
shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness.
[i] Robert Middlekauff, The Glorious Cause: The American Revolution, (Oxford History) Location
10542-10565.